The genetic structure of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] of the Istebna race was studied in two populations from the Carpathian seed stands in the Malinka and Czarne Forestries. The recent provenance test results have shown a high quality of both populations. The results were compared with the genetic variation parameters calculated for the selected seed stand from the Bukowiec Forestry (compartment 149h), whose genetic structure in the progeny test for this species is considered a national standard. Five enzyme systems were analysed. The results show that the mean number of alleles per locus and the heterozygosity observed in the analysed populations are greater than those reported in the literature for other natural Norway spruce populations from the Carpathians. The heterozygosity level of the studied seed stands was higher than of the selective population of the Istebna spruce plus trees and the level of genetic diversity was similar to that of the Bukowiec seed stands. Thus, it can be concluded that the analysed seed stands from Czarne and Malinka, compartment 91h can be used as a supplementary seed base. However, at the individual partial population level, the Bukowiec spruce population, compartment 149h is considered to be of the highest value.