A unique type of health is procreation health, which represents the entirety of a person’s physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence of disease or disorder. Reproductive health refers to all issues related to the reproductive system and procreation of women and men in all phases of their lives. Consequently, it includes topics such as puberty and menopause, fertility and infertility, family planning, health during pregnancy, childbirth, and the post-partum period, as well as cancers of the reproductive organs and breasts. This paper presents results of on women’s knowledge of reproductive health in several key areas: sources of information, understanding the concept of ovulation, awareness of factors that positively influence health, knowledge of the most and least fertile ages for women, and preventive measures related to the reproductive system. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of adult women aged 18 to 49 regarding reproductive health. Method: The study was based on a questionnaire survey analysed with the IBM SPSS Statistics 27 program. Results: The majority of surveyed women had knowledge about ovulation, with most obtaining their information from the Internet (22.3%). Nearly all female respondents (93.7%) knew what ovulation is. Most women do not use cycle self-observation (75.2%). The age of sexual initiation for most of the respondents was at 18. More than two sexual partners were reported by nearly 40% of women. Conclusions: The group of women studied was homogenous in terms of the selected qualification criteria, i.e.; all of them were of reproductive age. Fertility knowledge did not correspond with adolescent age of sexual initiation and declared number of partners, which is a risk factor for future reproductive health disorders.