Hypophosphataemia (phosphorus deficiency) is currently one of the most common disorders in highyielding dairy cattle. It may occur in clinical forms (lameness, periparturient recumbency and postpartum haemoglobinuria – PPH) or subclinical forms. Periparturient recumbency is the most commonly diagnosed condition associated with clinical phosphorus deficiency, but the currently available literature lacks comprehensive information concerning the effect of this condition on parenchymal organ dysfunction during lactation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of periparturient recumbency in cows on selected parameters of liver, kidney and muscle function during peak lactation as well as on milk production. Based on the occurrence of periparturient recumbency and the values of inorganic phosphorus before calving, the selected animals were divided into two groups: I – X = 0.46 mmol/l and II – X = 0.45 mmol/l, and a control group was created from cows that were regularly monitored in the herds. Blood from the test cows was collected from the external jugular vein 3 weeks before parturition (collection I), between 4 and 7 days after parturition (collection II), and after around 40 days of lactation (collection III) and 100 days of lactation (collection IV). The blood test results obtained indicate that a decrease in Pi concentration after parturition often occurs in high-producing cows, hence low Pi concentrations before parturition may lead to periparturient recumbency. Cows with prepartum hypophosphataemia and periparturient recumbency (group I) show abnormalities in certain liver parameters during lactation. Liver supporting and protecting supplements should be used in these animals. Cows without preparturient hypophosphataemia did not show such severe changes in parenchymal organ function. Group I cows are at a greater risk of musculoskeletal damage during lactation. For these animals, it is advisable to use bedding and stall materials that reduce stress on this system. Clinical hypophosphataemia reduces milk production in cows.