This article provides an overview of the history of pheasants, focusing on their significance in Europe and Poland. Although the pheasant is not a native species and is considered alien, it remains a very important element of the game bird fauna in Poland and can certainly be described as established. Pheasants are a mixture of species and subspecies that permanently influence ecosystems and their biodiversity. There is no evidence that pheasants are invasive towards other fauna species. Therefore, the current management measures for this species by hunters were rational and justified. However, newly introduced regulations have significantly hindered the possibility of reintroductions, which has radically affected their numbers and the possibility of breeding these birds in captivity. Therefore, it should be noted that, as an institution, the state’s regulatory actions do not create opportunities to increase biodiversity; in fact, they significantly hinder hunters’ activities in this area and limit pro-ecological initiatives.