This article aims at the presenting of emerging picornaviruses, namely the genus Kobuvirus. These have been reported to be associated with clinical problems including diarrhea, vomiting, fever, purulent conjunctivitis, and respiratory symptoms in humans. The molecular methods reveal that kobuviruses (the genus Kobuvirus (AiV, Aichivirus) Picornaviridae family), may be the causative agents of gastroenteritis in a variety of domestic and wild animal species in several regions of the world. They were isolated from a wide range of hosts: ferrets, mice, foxes, bats, dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats. Kobuviruses are frequently present in mixed infections with other pathogens. Currently, there are six species within the genus Kobuvirus: Aichivirus A (humans, dogs, cats, rats, mice, and the European roller), Aichivirus B (cattle, ferrets, and sheep), Aichivirus C (pigs and goats), Aichivirus D (cattle), Aichivirus E (rabbits) and Aichivirus F (bats). AiVs stability allows persistence in the environment for long periods, as well as its transmission to humans with contaminated water and molluscs. Although until now AiVs are responsible for a low percentage of reported gastroenteritis outbreaks, the high seroprevalence shown in human populations, indicates their role as emerging enteric agents. Kobuviruses are difficult to isolate and the diagnosis is mainly based on molecular methods. Currently, there are no vaccines available.